Spain’s total fertility rate has more than halved since 1975, when it was 2.8, to the present 1.3 (the lowest rate on … hindering any sustained recovery of fertility. Cohort fertility, in turn, has declined uninterruptedly since the 1941 cohort … substantially to falling fertility. Underlying this decrease is the profound cultural, social, and economic change that has raised …

fertility has widened in Spain. The paper uses the 1985 and 1999 Spanish Fertility Surveys to study whether the tightening of … this change. I find that women facing high unemployment rates in their mid-twenties tend to restrict their fertility below … family and of achieving preferred fertility. Temporary contracts work in the opposite direction. Findings are robust to the …