Involution now refers to the phenomenon that competitors in the same field make more efforts to struggle for limited resources but get lower individual ``profit effort ratio''. In this work, we investigate the evolution of the involution game when competitors in the same field can adopt not only...

"In the era of e-commerce and digitalization, new commercial patterns and opportunities are emerging. For example, in addition to traditional reselling marketing channels, manufacturers can easily open direct channels using a variety of digital marketing strategies. These new marketing channels...