We study how firms can design the physical space of their organizations to maximize performance, both theoretically and empirically. We find that physical location of workers greatly affects performance by means of the performance of peers spilling over to the focal worker --- both positively...

We consider how past, current, and future competition within an elimination tournament affect the probability that the stronger player wins. We present a two-stage model that yields the following main results: (1) a shadow effect--the stronger the expected future competitor, the lower the...

We consider how past, current, and future competition within an elimination tournament affect the probability that the stronger player wins. We present a two-stage model that yields the following main results: (1) a shadow effect--the stronger the expected future competitor, the lower the...