A large part of the literature on urban land valuation uses the land residual method which relies on the assumption that structures are easily replaced: properties are valued at construction cost, i.e., the dollar amount required to bid resources away from other uses of the land plus materials...

We present new methods for urban land valuation based on a high degree of irreversibility given that a substantial structure is present on the land. Irreversibility implies that land and structure value function as a whole until the option to tear down and redevelop becomes valuable. In a...