We introduce a class of quantile-based risk measures that generalize Value at Risk (VaR) and, likewise Expected Shortfall (ES), take into account both the frequency and the severity of losses. Under VaR a single confidence level is assigned regardless of the size of potential losses. We allow...

It is shown that for elliptically distributed bivariate random vectors, the riskiness and dependence strength of random portfolios, in the sense of the univariate convex and bivariate concordance stochastic orders respectively, can be simply characterised in terms of the vector's...

Actuaries are often faced with the task of estimating tails of loss distributions from just a few observations. Thus estimates of tail probabilities (reinsurance prices) and percentiles (solvency capital requirements) are typically subject to substantial parameter uncertainty. We study the bias...