The stochastic volatility model of Heston (Rev Financ Stud 6(2):327–343, <CitationRef CitationID="CR19">1993</CitationRef>) has found difficulty in describing some of the important features of implied volatility dynamics, leading to a quest for multifactor extensions as well as the incorporation of time-dependent model parameters. In...</citationref>

Many empirical researches report that value-at-risk (VaR) measures understate the actual 1% quantile, while for Inui, K., Kijima, M. and Kitano, A., VaR is subject to a significant positive bias. Stat. Probab. Lett., 2005, 72, 299-311. proved that VaR measures overstate significantly when...