With growing worldwide trade, container terminals have grown in number and size. Many new terminals are now automated to increase operational efficiency. The key focus is on improving seaside processes, where a distinction can be made between single quay crane operations (all quay cranes are...

Bin packing is an algorithmic problem that arises in diverse applications such as remnant inventory systems, shipping logistics, and appointment scheduling. In its simplest variant, a sequence of T items (e.g., orders for raw material, packages for delivery) is revealed one at a time, and each...