Purpose: This paper aims to propose a novel model to forecast regime switches in a time series to assist decision making. Design/methodology/approach: The authors apply the clustering technique to group the data into five states. Then, a model is proposed to formulate the relationships from...

Fuzzy time series models have been applied to handle nonlinear problems. To forecast fuzzy time series, this study applies a backpropagation neural network because of its nonlinear structures. We propose two models: a basic model using a neural network approach to forecast all of the...

Most conventional fuzzy time series models (Type 1 models) utilize only one variable in forecasting. Furthermore, only part of the observations in relation to that variable are used. To utilize more of that variable's observations in forecasting, this study proposes the use of a Type 2 fuzzy...

Fuzzy time-series models have been used to model observations, where each one of them contains multiple values. The formulation of fuzzy relationships and the lengths of intervals are considered to be two of the critical factors that affect forecasting results. Unfortunately, the lengths of the...