This research note demonstrates the advantage of biproportional projection over the ordinary (proportional) method of technical coefficients in input-output analysis: the former is insensitive to price changes, the latter is not so. Consequently, structural change can generally be measured using...

The causative-matrix method to analyze temporal change assumes that a matrix transforms one Markovian transition matrix into another by a left multiplication of the first matrix; the method is demand-driven when applied to input-output economics. An extension is presented without assuming the...