This paper provides evidence that capital market imperfections hold back innovation and growth, and that public policy can complement capital markets. We deliver the evidence by studying the effects of government funding on the behavior of SMEs in Finland. By adapting the methodology recently...

Building on a 1998 study by Rajan and Zingales, this paperexamines the impact of both general and government financial support on privateR&D rates and on firm expansion.A description of the theoreticalbackground for this research is provided with an emphasis on the subsidizationof small- and...

Supply subsidies to owners of rental housing construction are typically aimed at increasing the overall size of the housing stock or at guaranteeing affordable housing for low-income households. This paper studies whether and how much the tenants of the social housing units benefit from this...

This paper asks whether, and under which circumstances, rent subsidies to low-income households increase rents. We utilize a reform in Finland that caused large quasi-random variation in housing allowances. We find that large increases in allowances for affected housing units had little or no...