Renewable natural capital — terrestrial and marine ecosystems, fisheries, biodiversity, and groundwater — is in decline around the world affecting livelihoods of millions of people. Natural capital market design uses economic theory and analysis to develop practical solutions for...

Following the financial crisis that began in 2007, Congress and regulators acted to address perceived gaps in the regulation of corporate boards, including boards of large, complex financial institutions. With the goal of improving the stability of global financial markets, regulators have...

Following the Paris Agreement and pursuant to its objective of reordering financial flows to ensure climate change mitigation and adaptation, green finance has become a legislative priority for the European Union. This was illustrated by a unique, albeit limited, change in the mandate of the...

A stable net external position requires that the trade balance responds negatively to changes in the net external position. If financial integration makes financing external imbalances less costly, we expect slower external adjustment in more integrated economies. The study estimates...

Although microfinance is emerging as a key tool to alleviate poverty, the need for microfinance lending vastly exceeds the amount of funds that can be raised from charitable donors. Commercial bank lending is supplementing donor money, but microfinance loans made by banks are extremely expensive...

This paper aims to examine the impact of financial development on the green complexity of Turkey’s provinces over the period 2004-2019. Utilizing a spatial panel data model, the results suggest that deposits to GDP ratio, credit to GDP ratio and number of bank branches enhances green...