Sustainable finance – the integration of environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) issues into financial decisions – is an increasingly important topic. Within companies, sustainability is no longer an ancillary issue confined to corporate social responsibility departments, but a...

This study examines whether the current discourses and debates at international level are aligned with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 for i) affordable energy and ii) clean energy. Guided by the overarching vision of SDG7, this study assumes that both "affordably energy" and "clean energy"...

This chapter addresses debt-based investing as a driver for global sustainability. Loans, bonds, and other forms of debt constitute a substantial proportion of the capital that corporations use to finance their operations and offer a distinct set of legal tools to influence corporate conduct....

This paper investigates the intercompany-specific characteristics as a determinant of the sustainable growth rate. We researched a sample of companies listed on the Macedonian stock exchanges. We found that the average actual growth rate for the 2010-2019 period is only 0.38%, while the...

Money becomes sustainable when its value is defined by electricity produced from local benign renewable energy sources. As energy consumption is related to living standards, Sustainable Money introduces a global unit of account with its value determined by the capacity of each bioregion to...

To contribute to the fight against climate change and achieve a carbon-neutral economy, a large volume of funds must be mobilised to finance the necessary investment. The international financial system will play a key role in this process to channel the financing, but considerable changes will...

The consequences of climate change affect both the financial system and the economy as a whole. Understanding the attendant risks and meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement, so as to restrict the rise in global temperature and mobilise the resources needed to achieve a carbonneutral economy,...

We propose a novel way of measuring the equity portfolio-level environmental and social characteristics of a 13F institution (the “sustainability footprint”) and examine the relation between sustainability footprints and risk-adjusted investment performance. The analysis shows that 13F...

This study investigates the underlying reasons for banks' continued support of fossil fuel-based firms and examines the role of public guaranteed loans (PGLs) in redirecting resources towards greener economic activities, thereby facilitating the climate transition process. Using a unique...