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Unlike common practices in other EU member states and despite being mandated by EU law, Poland still lacks a fully-fledged Independent Fiscal Institution. IFIs are impartial, expert bodies that help improve the transparency, accountability, and quality of fiscal policies, and support sound and...
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In reviewing the means to strengthen public expenditure management (PEM) systems, there has been increased emphasis on the micro basis of broader budget system reforms, especially reforms of the internal financial management systems in government agencies. Specifically in transition economies,...
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in the former Soviet Republics of Russia and Ukraine. Analyzing interfirm reallocation of output, labor, capital, and an … input index with annual industrial census data from 1985 to 2001, we find that Soviet Russia displayed low reallocation …
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This paper uses 1985-1999 manufacturing census data for old Russian enterprises to calculate the magnitude and productivity effects of gross job flow rates before and after reforms. Job creation was low throughout the period in this sector, but increased slightly during the transition, while job...
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This study comprises an introductory section and three essays analysing Russia's economic transition from the early … issues Russia has faced during its somewhat troublesome transformation from state-controlled command economy to market … Russia, the essay examines public infrastructure provision by Russian industrial enterprises. It is found that to a large …
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