This paper re-examines the empirical support for predictions that proposed cigarette tax or price increases will substantially reduce youth smoking. Part of the support for these predictions comes from evidence that higher taxes reduce aggregate tobacco sales and adult smoking rates. But taxes...

Two main results in traditional tax theory states the following. First, general taxes minimize the welfare loss from changed relative prices. Second, because the total public budget tends to exceed the optimal size, a leader (here named "troop leader") is needed in the budget process to prevent...

The paper presents empirical findings on CO2 taxation within the OECD countries. Taxes are not uniform, a nd households pay a tax rate which is five times higher than that paid by industry on average.