In this article, we formulate a behavioural model under uncertainty to estimate Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in the Taiwan banking industry. In particular, the article provides a model based on the safety-first rule under uncertainty to measure the risk premium in banking operations that are...

In this paper we demonstrate that the measures of scale and scope economies may be elusive if failing to consider quality variation among universities and endogeneity of congestion in students learning and living facility utilization. Empirical results show that the private and highly congested...