include measures of innovation outcomes as well as variables related to innovation effort. The main indicator of innovation … outputs is patents. The main variables related to innovation inputs are investment in research and development (R&D) and … of innovation outputs and inputs by looking at the over-time behavior of the relevant series and comparing the …

process innovation on productivity in the Chilean manufacturing industry during the past decade. In general, the evidence … suggests there is not a contemporaneous effect of product innovation on productivity, but there is a positive effect of process … innovation. This notsignificant effect of product innovation contrasts with evidence of studies for other countries. However, the …

importance of the interactions and linkages among acteurs and institutions involved in innovation and technology development of a … country and calls such a web of interaction a national innovation system. The theoretical and empirical analyses on national … systems of innovation lead to the conclusion that countries differ in the way in which knowledge flows and that innovation …

During the last 20 years, R&D and innovation activities in the service sector have clearly increased. Especially …" of technological information within the economy. They are providers, purchasers or partners in the context of innovation …. A sound innovation capacity, especially knowledge, creativity, market and management skills let them become bridges for …