The success of an innovating firm often depends on the efforts of other innovators in its environment. How do the challenges faced by external innovators affect the focal firm's outcomes? To address this question we first characterize the external environment according to the structure of...

Product innovation often hinges on technological changes in underlying components. We examine how firms' success in managing such component-enabled innovation is impacted by their knowledge and production strategies with respect to key components. We further consider how this relationship...

Argues that most business projects fail because their success depends on unanticipated external innovations while revealing the logic of "innovation ecosystems" that can be established to dramatically improve odds of success