While existing studies regarding organizational vacillation theory have focused on examining how vacillation may lead to ambidexterity, few studies have focused on how vacillation itself happens and whether it happens symmetrically or not. To bridge this research gap, this paper analyzed...

Ports and container terminals today are interchanges for maritime and land transport as well as important facilities that serve as communication channels for nations, regional economies, and forelands. They also act as suppliers providing cargo handling and international logistics services at...