Precolonial African societies and institutions also developed structures and norms that embodied the uniqueness of their own trading arrangements. This paper will discuss some of the wholly indigenous trading devices or mechanisms that related to commercial trading in precolonial era in...

This volume was prepared by Inga Heiland while she was working at the Ifo Institute. It was completed in July 2016 and accepted as a doctoral thesis by the Department of Economics at the University of Munich. It comprises five chapters addressing one or more aspects of international trade and...