This paper refines the concept of disposable income by incorporating governmentprovided in-kind benefits for education and health services, as well as imputed VAT payments, following Figari and Paulus (2015). Our analysis reveals that including these elements significantly reduces income...

Governments face a potential trade-off between provision for the growing population in retirement and the support of working-age households with low income. Using EUROMODbased microdata from 28 countries, we (a) quantify the redistribution to the pensioner and non-pensioner populations, (b)...

Governments face a potential trade-off between provision for the growing population in retirement and the support of working-age households with low income. Using EUROMOD-based microdata from 28 countries, we (a) quantify the redistribution to the pensioner and non-pensioner populations, (b)...

The hike in energy prices across Europe in 2022 and 2023 led to significant government interventions. Several governments introduced 'energy price cap' measures to alleviate the increased burden on households' expenditures. This paper presents an ex ante assessment of the expected distributional...

This paper analyses the distributional impact of high consumer inflation in the euro area and government measures to compensate households in 2022. The study uses the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union (EUROMOD) with microdata as the input - EU statistics on income and...

This paper analyses the magnitude of automatic income and demand stabilization in EU Member States between 2011 to 2019. Our analysis finds that automatic income stabilization in 2019 averaged 41.3 percent at the EU level, with considerable variation among Member States. While the extent of...

This paper analyses the distributional impact of high consumer inflation in the euro area and government measures to compensate households in 2022. The study uses the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union (EUROMOD) with microdata as the input - EU statistics on income and...

This paper extends the traditional concept of disposable income by including in-kind transfers for education and health as well as consumption taxes in the analysis. This extended view of tax-benefit systems offers a more comprehensive understanding of redistribution mechanisms within countries...

In this work we simulate the effects of tax autonomy of the Austrian states on the levels of public employment in each state. We show that depending on the strength of the public sector lobby, tax autonomy would require reduction of employment in the public sector between 25% and 35% of the...