This paper aims to quantify the political risk effect and its different economic implications in normal and crisis situations through the proxy analysis of election and the sovereign bond spreads. Our study leads to three main findings. First, in normal economic situations, elections and...

This paper aims to quantify the political risk effect and its different economic implications in normal and crisis situations through the proxy analysis of election and the sovereign bond spreads. Our study leads to three main findings. First, in normal economic situations, elections and...

One of the most prominent phenomena in the development process of the South Korean economy has been the surge of its direct foreign investment (DFI). In the 14 years between 1980 and 1994, South Korea's annual outward DFI increased more than 109 times, in current U.S. dollar terms. The article...