In this paper we propose a general approach for estimating stochastic frontier models, suitable when using long panel data sets. We measure efficiency as a linear combination of a finite number of unobservable common factors, having coefficients that vary across firms, plus a time-invariant...

Two elements of the Swiss market for electricity are examined in this book: the residential electricity demand by time-of-use and the cost structure of municipal electricity distribution utilities. The empirical results indicate that demand for peak and off-peak electricity in elastic, and that...