This paper theoretically and empirically examines ownership structure in foreign direct investment (FDI) projects. We show that in choosing an ownership structure, foreign investors, local entrepreneurs, and government consider the specific, costly-to-market assets that the participants and the...

Existing studies assume that the impact of democracy on FDI is the same for resource exporting and non-resource exporting countries. This paper examines whether natural resources alter the relationship between FDI and democracy. We estimate a linear dynamic panel-data model using data from 112...

The lack of a supra-national legal authority that can enforce private contracts across borders makes debt repayment in an international setting contingent on borrowers' willingness to pay rather than ability to pay. This market failure (i.e., inadequate enforcement) causes investment to fall...

The lack of a supra-national legal authority that can enforce private contracts across borders makes debt repayment in an international setting contingent on borrowers' willingness to pay rather than ability to pay. This market failure (i.e., inadequate enforcement) causes investment to fall...

We consider a model that provides insight into the well-known Folk Theorem in economics that when the discount factor, (Greek character) 'beta', is sufficiently close to one, expropriation will never occur. While this Folk Theorem is true in our model, our perspective is different. 'Beta' is...