Cartels and horizontal mergers can be viewed as alternative arrangements to increase profitability and act as means of introducing horizontal restraint. The choice between the two forms from the perspective of firms is determined by the structure of industry, organization of firms, and the...

In this paper, we attempt to understand whether business group affiliation continues to create value with improvements in institutional environment, especially with increased product market competition. This question comes at a time when there is growing awareness that business groups dominate...

An optimal sizing model for an off-grid hybrid micro-grid system (HMGS) consisting of solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), diesel generator (DG) and battery (BAT) is developed. A tri-objective formulation, considering techno-socio-economic factors, is employed for finding the optimal...