We prove that the total risk of a portfolio held by an investor with preferences described by a power utility with subsistence or a HARA utility, is a weighted sum of the covariances between the portfolio's return and higher-order powers of that return, shifted by the subsistence level. We show...

This literature review outlines the major progress in the research of the fundamental higher-order moments. We survey the existence, the formation, and the financial market and macroeconomics implications for the moments. Research shows that the time-varying volatility and the non-Gaussian...