Most of the major policy reforms being considered result in winners and losers. It would be nice if this were not so, and one could devise reforms that were "win-win" propositions when one digs beneath the public rhetoric. Unfortunately, life does not often present reforms that meet the Pareto...

Even if trade liberalization results in aggregate welfare gains over all households, it is possible that the poorest households could lose. We illustrate two approaches to designing trade liberalization in Turkey which ensure that the poor will not lose. The first approach uses direct...

Most interesting results on the welfare effects of regional arrangements are ambiguous at a theoretical level. Many questions only have quantitative answers that are specific to the particular structural features of the economy and the policy considered. So, to determine the impact of...