This article studies four transform pricing methods in the context of general equilbrium (GE) framework. The four methods, viz. the Esscher transform, indifference pricing, the Wang transform, and the standard deviation loading, are popular among actuarial literature and practice. The transform...

This paper explores the extent to which term structure of individual CDS spreads can be explained by the firm's rating. Using the Nelson-Siegel model, we construct, for each day, CDS curves from a cross-section of CDS spreads for each rating class. We find that individual CDS deviations from the...