This paper examines the situation of firms that have two objectives: profit maximization and social performance. By looking comparatively at the cases of altruism, coerced egoism, and strategy, this paper uses the tools of microeconomics to define the optimal level of social output that should...

While firms have increasingly adopted environmentally and socially sustainablemanagement strategies, little is known about how these organizations react duringtimes of economic constraint. On the one hand, conventional wisdom suggests thatfirms' sustainability strategy would be de-emphasized....