In this paper we propose a mixture model of willingness to pay distributions for contingent valuation studies. By allowing a point mass at zero, this model nests the conventional model as a special case. We discuss both parametric and nonparametric estimations of the mixture model. We consider...

This paper investigates the role of congestion in influencing the site choice of recreation participants and derived values for a trip. Estimation is performed in a revealed preference framework by constructing an instrument for congestion within the estimation using the predicted choices of...

The purpose of this paper is to establish whether the unobserved spatial interdependencies between individual households influence recreational travel choices. To coherently incorporate spatial interdependencies in the behavioral analysis, we propose spatial random utility model of recreation...

This paper investigates the empirical identification of perceived congestion and mitigating behavior using observational data. Congestion effects are identified using a procedure based upon a non-linear function of the choice attributes combined with an equilibrium condition on the sorting...

This article explores how deeply held philosophies and environmental risk allocation are "real" values in terms of enivronmental impacts, and as such should be considered under NEPA. If this were the case, this would make the operation of NEPA more transparent and efficient

Selectivity bias caused by protest responses in Contingent Valuation studies can be detected and corrected by means of sample selection models. This paper compares two methods: the Heckman 2-steps method and the full ML, applied to data on forest recreation - where WTP is elicited as a...

Environmental, health, and safety advocates, say Richard Revesz and Michael Livermore, have been wrongly hostile to cost-benefit analysis because of a false belief that it is biased against regulation. The bias against regulation, while real, has been the artifact of historical accident - the...

Traditional recreation demand models do not make a distinction between a household and an individual as the reference decision-making unit, thus assuming that a family maximizes a single utility function, even if the family consists of different individuals. Such models ignore the possibility of...

This paper uses a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between hypothetical bias and the price respondents are asked to pay. For public goods, the results clearly indicate a difference in the price elasticity between hypothetical and actual payment conditions. Since the bias increases for...

The sample selection model is based upon a bivariate or a multivariate structure, and distributional assumptions are in this context more severe than in univariate settings, due to the limited availability of tractable multivariate distributions. While the standard FIML estimation of the...