In this article, we investigate the (R, S) periodic review, order-up-to level inventory control system with stochastic demand and variable leadtimes. Variable leadtimes can lead to order crossover, in which some orders arrive out of sequence. Most theoretical studies of order-up-to inventory...

Nearly 200 million children are engaged in child labor, many in developing countries that are part of the supply base of global manufacturing networks. This paper models a multinational firm in a developed country selling the product made by a supplier in a developing country. The firm can...