We present a simple three-class model in the Kaleckian tradition to investigate the implications of a dominant managerial class for the dynamics of demand and distribution. Managers play a peculiar role in the economy, both because of their supervisory function --- which results in surplus...

We revisit the hypotheses of unequal exchange and deterioratingterms of trade in the specific context of import-intensive, export-led strategies of developing countries which rely on integration intoGVCs for access to markets in developed countries using a stylizedtwo-country two-commodity...