The future evolution of energy demand in cities has a major influence on energy market size, pricing, competition level, consumer relations, overall CO2 emissions, and supply security. This paper presents a bounded rational decision model which can be used to estimate this evolution. It starts...

The systems which provide active and passive energy-services are undergoing rapid institutional, commercial, and technical change. As part of this transformation, distributed energy technologies are expected to play a greater role. In addition, governments and local authorities are seeking to...

Competition between parallel infrastructures incorporates opposing welfare effects. The gain from reduced deadweight loss might be out- weighed by the inefficient duplication of an existing infrastructure. Using data from broadband internet access for Western Europe 2000-2004, this paper...