This paper empirically analyzes the call timing of callable bonds to see how refunding opportunity, cost of financial distress, agency cost of debt, and private information affect the call decision. The empirical results show that firms issue callable bonds, convertible or not, to enjoy future...

This paper establishes monotonicity of the chi-square test statistic. As the more efficient parameter estimator is plugged into the test statistic, the degrees of freedom of the resulting chi-square test statistic monotonically increase. -- cell ; chi-square test ; Fisher information ;...

This article develops parametric and semi-parametric, maximum likelihood estimation methods of the proportional hazard model for the case when durations are grouped and heterogeneity is not fully measured. This article also extends Ryu’s (1994b) specification tests for the proportional hazard...