The theoretical linkages between openness and long-run economic growth are established with the development of new growth theories. In this literature, it has been shown that openness affects economic growth through a number of channels and the direction of this effect is closely related to the...

One of the important problems in the theory of economic growth is whether the growth of output per capita depends positively or negatively on the ratio of human to physical capital. Following Duczynski (2003), we apply his approaches for the panel data set. However, we have described the human...