We present an actuarial loss reserving technique that takes into account both claim counts and claim amounts. Separate (over-dispersed) Poisson models for the claim counts and the claim amounts are combined by a joint embedding into a neural network architecture. As starting point of the neural...

The area of mortality modelling has received significant attention over the last 20 years owing to the need to quantify and forecast improving mortality rates. This need is driven primarily by the concern of governments, professionals, insurance and actuarial professionals and individuals to be...

Cohort effects have been identified in many countries. However, some mortality models only consider the modelling and projection of age-period effects. Others, that incorporate cohort effects, do not consider cohort specific survival curves that are important for pricing and hedging purposes. In...

Parameter shrinkage is known to reduce fitting and prediction errors in linear models. When the variables are dummies for age, period, etc. shrinkage is more commonly applied to differences between adjacent parameters, perhaps by fitting cubic splines or piecewise-linear curves (linear splines)...

The analysis of diffusion processes in financial models is crucially dependent on the form of the drift and diffusion coefficient functions. A methodology is proposed for estimating and testing coefficient functions for ergodic diffusions that are not directly observable. It is based on...

For many pension schemes, a shortage of data limits their ability to use sophisticated stochastic mortality models to assess and manage their longevity risk. In this study, we develop a relative model for mortality, which compares the evolution of mortality rates in a sub-population with that...

In the first part of the paper we present some classical actuarial models (the collective and individual risk model) and the probability theory behind. A discussion of pros and cons of each approach leads to an alternative approach where the losses on each policy is modeled by an individual...

Continuous-time affine mortality models are useful in the analysis of age-cohort mortality rates as they yield a closed-form expression for survival curves which are consistent with the dynamics of latent factors driving mortality and are well-suited for finance and insurance applications. We...

Affine mortality models, developed in continuous time, are well suited to longevity applications including pricing and risk management. Advantages of this modelling approach include closed-form derivations of cohort survival curves, with these survival curves consistent with the dynamics of...

The purpose of this paper is to survey recent developments in granular models and machine learning models for loss reserving, and to compare the two families with a view to assessment of their potential for future development.This is best understood against the context of the evolution of these...