Correctly accounting for the energy and emissions embodied in consumption and trade is essential to effective climate policy design. Robust methods are needed for both policy making and research—for example, the assignment of border carbon adjustments (BCAs) and greenhouse gas emission...

The paper identifies and theories future trends in public/private risk-sharing agreements, as a form of public subsidy, in thin market air service provision. Using a Pacific Islands example, the paper details the economic and policy implications of such agreements. In November 2008, the Cook...

Purpose – This chapter suggests that the value of the extension to free trade areas (FTAs) of the Kemp–Wan (KW) theorem on necessarily welfare-improving customs unions is undermined by its very rationale – the greater popularity of FTAs over customs unions for ‘political’ reasons....