Discrimination is a complex, multi-factor phenomenon. Evidence shows widespread discrimination on various grounds, including ethnic origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, religion or beliefs, disability, being over 55 years old, or being a woman. Combating discrimination requires combining...

Based on a correspondence study conducted in France, we show that fictitious low-skilled applicants in the private sector are half as likely to be called back by the employers when they are of North African rather than French origin. By contrast, the origin of the fictitious applicants does not...

There have been many tests of the convergence hypothesis yielding many different estimates of β (the speed of convergence). Narrative reviews of the convergence literature hint at possible reasons for the study-to-study variation in the value of β, but such reviews are selective and informal....