Tobin's q is often used to proxy for firm performance when studying the relation between corporate governance and firm performance. However, our theoretical and empirical analysis demonstrate that Tobin's q does not measure firm performance since underinvestment increases rather than decreases...

State governments receive an exogenous tax windfall whenever their residents win a multi-state lottery. These lottery tax windfalls are counter-cyclical but occur during a range of economic conditions. Therefore, lottery tax windfalls enable us to estimate the impact of fiscal policy on...