China has been experiencing urbanization at an unprecedented rate over the last two decades. This study analyzes the impact of urbanization on land occupation. Cities are clustered by their functions and development stages, which is illustrated by a cluster tree, a dynamic tree that depicts the...

Building a feedforward computational neural network model (CNN) involves two distinct tasks: determination of the network topology and weight estimation. The specification of a problem adequate network topology is a key issue and the primary focus of this contribution. Up to now, this issue has...

The emergence of the sharing economy has affected consumers and traditional manufacturers. We focus on product sharing and analyze its impacts on the manufacturer that offers sequential innovation products. We develop a two-period model in which a monopoly manufacturer sells an old product and...