Market risk regulations adopted in response to recent crises aim to reduce financial risks. Nevertheless, a large number of practitioners feel that, if these rules seem to succeed in lowering volatility, they appear to rigidify the financial structure of the economic system and tend to increase...

The Basle 2 Capital Accord issued by the Basle Committee on banking supervision has proposed a multiplier superior to 3 on banks' internal 99% 10-day Value-at-Risk calculated for market risk exposure. This ad hoc factor has not been fully explained and is poorly justified by arguing that the...

The backbone of financial risk modeling in finance over a long time period of more than a century, the random walk hypothesis has shown substantial variations in its structure throughout its history. In this article, I revisit the history of the random walk model in finance by introducing a new...

This paper is a piece for contributing to the sustainable European stake in order to interlock financial systems with the objectives of the 2030 Agenda (the UN’s SDGs). It is intended to be used as a platform for discussion between risk management practitioners in the financial industry and...

I present without mathematical complexity a toy model of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) that illuminates the correspondences between the multiple representations of EMH with a focus on the two main mathematical frameworks of EMH : the mean-variance universe of Markowitz (1952) under the...