We use a novel classification scheme to identify three stages of production in the manufacturing sector: parts, components, and final goods. In particular, we offer evidence on the revealed comparative advantage of the EU-27 countries concerning the three vertically separated stages of...

Recent literature has analyzed three channels through which size and patterns of a country's involvement in international trade may affect the quality of its institutions: openness, the institutional intensity of exports and the natural resources exports. Our contribution is threefold. First, we...

Alliances often provide a collective good among their allies. This article offers laboratory experimental evidence that the possibility to vote for the exclusion of non-cooperating allies, i.e. ostracism, can be a powerful negative referendum to increase allies' contributions to the collective...

We propose a novel way to measure the rule of law intensity of exports at the goods level based on nearly 100 million disaggregated bilateral trade flows around the globe. We categorise goods into three groups: fragmented, primary and other. The theoretical literature on holdup problems...

The widely used PRODY indicator by Hausmann et al. (2007) [What you Export Matters; Journal of Economic Growth: 12, 1–25] allows the calculation of product sophistication and factor intensities. In this paper I deal with its measurement, its conceptional limitations, its sensitivity to...

Alliances often provide a collective good among their allies. This article offers laboratory experimental evidence that the possibility to vote for the exclusion of non-cooperating allies, i.e. ostracism, can be a powerful negative referendum to increase allies’ contributions to the collective...