The empirical evidence for the so-called pollution haven hypothesis, which predicts that inter-country differences in environmental policy stringency will cause pollution-intensive production to relocate to countries with lax environmental standards, has traditionally been weak. However, in...

In this paper we present new foreign trade- and price data to analyze Swedish terms of trade in the very long run, from 1780 to 2018. We examine what influenced the trend in the terms of trade in the long run, particularly in how it related to the general trade structure. We also analyze the...

This paper contains three contributions which are intended to feed into the discussion in the AFCO committee about the UK government's renegotiation of its constitutional relationships with the EU. First paper by Charles Grant looks at the UK agenda in the renegotiation process and analyses its...