This technical note compares two methods of treating debt usage in discounted-cash-flow valuation of investment projects or companies. The note illustrates that the Weighted Average Cost of Capital approach (WACC) and the Equity Residual approach (ER) yield equivalent results if consistent...

Based on interviews with major investment banks, we report how these leading practitioners apply discounted cash flow (DCF) techniques to value business enterprises. We find considerable alignment among the advisors and between practice and academic advice on major themes, including assessments...