Ride-sharing platforms face a “productivity paradox”, where any efficiency gained through improved dispatch or pricing strategies will not benefit drivers or riders. We show that this is a limit of the traditional ride-hailing model, and a consequence of the Hall-Horton driver equilibrium...

We consider a company selling heterogeneous products with prices customized for each customer and the final price is set by negotiations between sales agents and customers. This type of pricing modality is referred to as customized pricing with discretion and commonly used in insurance, consumer...