We examine the association between active options market trading and the (in)efficiency of corporate investment in terms of deviation from optimal investment levels. Past research considers the volume of options trading as contributing to firms’ informational efficiency. Investment efficiency...

We examine the choice and the offer spreads between callable and non-callable bonds. We find significant differences by industry sector so our results are segmented by financial and non-financial industries. For the financial sector, the popularity of callable and non-callable bonds is...

IPO firms with high-powered CEO incentive contracts have lower failure rates in the aftermarket. Economically, an interquartile change in the distribution of CEO pay translates in a reduction of the failure risk probability by approximately 21%. The Pay Gap between the CEO and its subordinate...

Using the pay gap between a firm’s CEO and the highest-paid CEO among similar competing firms to conceptualize the prize of winning external promotion tournaments, we document a positive relationship between external tournament incentives (ETIs) and IPO underpricing – a proxy of the cost of...

The Bayes-Stein model provides a framework for remedying parameter uncertainty in the Markowitz mean-variance portfolio optimization. The classical version, however, suffers from estimation errors of model components and fails to consistently outperform the naive 1/N asset allocation rule. We...