Zonal monthly means of UAH satellite based measurements of lower troposphere temperature anomalies 12/1978 to 4/2017 are examined for violations of the independence assumption of OLS linear regression. The Hurst Exponent (H), computed at a monthly time scale, is used as the measure of...

Moving generational trends in global mean temperature anomalies and moving generational average fossil fuel emissions for the study period 1850-2015 do not show a statistically significant detrended correlation that can be interpreted in terms of the theory of anthropogenic global warming which...

It is standard procedure in the study of global warming to deseasonalize the temperature time series monthly means into monthly “temperature anomalies” by subtracting the corresponding monthly mean temperatures in a reference period. This procedure contains the assumption that the seasonal...

The Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) was proposed as a more complex and therefore more complete alternative to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) which was thought to be too simple and limited in scope to be a useful or empirically testable theory. In the end it turned out that what the APT...

The mathematics of continuous compounding is not limited to the valuation of continuously compounded financial instruments and flow annuities, but rather it is a versatile and robust model that may be used for valuation of all financial contracts normally encountered. It consists of a simple,...

A relationship between levered β and unlevered β that is consistent with the Miller-Modigliani Theorem (MM) is presented as a Modified Hamada Equation (MHE). It differs from the Original Hamada Equation (OHE). A scenario analysis reveals that the OHE results are anomalous when the firm's cost...

The deseasonalized monthly mean surface temperature time series for Nuuk, Greenland in the 148-year sample period 1866-2013 shows a statistically significant OLS warming trend of 0.1C per decade. Rescaled range analysis of the deseasonalized and detrended residuals reveals a high value of the...

A Monte Carlo simulation of monthly mean surface temperatures is used to construct a time series of 156 moving decadal temperature trends in a 165-year sample period from 1850 to 2014. We define the current pause in global warming as five consecutive moving decades without a statistically...

It is shown that the time series of sunspot counts may be represented as the sum of a regular cyclical process and a random Hurst process. In the 2375-month study period 1/1818-11/2015, the optimal cyclical components of mean monthly sunspot counts consist of a short wave function with a period...

The overall structure of changes in total column ozone levels over a 50-year sample period from 1966 to 2015 and across a range of latitudes from -90° to 71° shows that the data from Antarctica prior to 1995 represent a peculiar outlier condition specific to that time and place and not an...