Nearly 200 million children are engaged in child labor, many in developing countries that are part of the supply base of global manufacturing networks. This paper models a multinational firm in a developed country selling the product made by a supplier in a developing country. The firm can...

A major reason behind crowding in emergency departments (ED) is non-urgent patients' visits to ED. In this paper we investigate how non-urgent ED visits are influenced by patients' imperfect perception of their urgency and their self-interested choice, and we explore interventions that can...

This paper developed a novel model focused on the impact that the land competition poses on the land supply of local governments in Nash equilibrium. The author discovered that: (1) Core-periphery configuration also exists under the fixed land input setting. (2) If trade cost is high, enlarging...