This article reconsiders the issue of efficiencies and antitrust from the perspectives of evolutionary biology and the growing field of evolutionary economics. The article begins by discussing how the term efficiency as currently used in antitrust today is more of a term of social science and...

Building upon the evolutionary analyses in previous papers, this article recommends a new philosophical antitrust double helix that will generate increased enforcement of and compliance with the language and spirit of Section 2 of the Sherman Act and Section 7 of the Clayton Act. Following...

This Article traces Congress's consistent balancing and blending of social, political, moral, and economic values and objectives over the course of nearly 120 years of antitrust legislation. As a starting point, a plethora of outstanding and insightful scholarship analyzing Congress's objectives...

This Article reconsiders the antitrust fairness-versus-welfare debate from an evolutionary perspective. It discusses the various arguments against applying fairness norms in antitrust cases and then sets forth the arguments for reincorporating fairness norms into antitrust analyses. Building...