Like options on stocks, options on commodities provide firms with protection against adverse price movements. Many firms procure commodity at an offshore location and transport it via ocean freight. Increased globalization and increased demand for ocean-based transportation has resulted in ocean...

Purpose: Basel III regulations require banks to protect themselves against strategic risk. This paper provides a comprehensive and measurable definition of this risk and proposes a framework to estimate economic capital requirements.Design/methodology/approach: The paper studies the literature...

We present analytical and empirical arguments that competition over a homogeneous service forces electric scooter firms to over-supply scooters. First, using scooter deployment and rides data from multiple sources (scooter firms' application programming interfaces, cities' transportation...