There has been no consensus over the concept and measurement of vulnerability to poverty (VP). Many scholars bring in different perspectives to discuss various conceptual and measurement issues. This paper summarizes the available economic literature on the definitions and measurements of VP....

Displeasure is a concept in emotion research, and has been studied over a long time. But this concept is not significantly addressed in planning and development except very few. In reality, displeasure leads to conflict, which in turn outbursts into violence, terrorism and so on. In this...

Demonetization was a big shock in Indian economy. Indian people responded differently to this demonetization shock. More than eighty percent of the common people favored the government decision to demonetize higher denomination in spite of their sufferings. Some people vehemently opposed the...

In mathematics, singularity signifies a point at which a given mathematical function or its derivatives is not defined. Singularities are mostly mathematical that occur in the mathematical models describing physical systems. In social science compared to physical science, fewer cases of...